在雅思写作的评分标准中,结尾段作为文章的收尾环节,其重要性不言而喻,一个高质量的结尾段能够有效总结全文观点、强化核心论点,并给考官留下深刻的印象,许多考生在写作结尾时常常陷入内容重复、缺乏新意或结构松散的困境,导致结尾段成为失分项,本文将系统探讨雅思写作结尾段的写作策略、常见误区及实用技巧,帮助考生掌握结尾段的写作精髓。

结尾段的核心功能与写作原则
雅思写作结尾段的核心功能在于“收束全文,升华主题”,具体可概括为以下三点:一是重申论点,对主体段的论证内容进行简要概括;二是总结分论点,提炼各段落的核心观点;三是提出建议或展望,使文章结构更完整,写作时需遵循“简洁明了、避免重复、观点明确”三大原则,切忌引入新的论据或观点,同时需注意与开头段形成呼应,体现文章的完整性。
结尾段的结构框架与高分模板
根据雅思写作的不同题型(议论文、报告类作文),结尾段的结构可灵活调整,但基本框架可分为“总结观点+重申立场+建议展望”三个模块,以议论文为例,以下为两种常用的高分结构模板:
模板1:平衡观点型(适用于“讨论双方观点+给出个人立场”题型) | 功能说明 | 示例句式 | |-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 总结双方观点 | 简要概括对立双方的核心论点 | While some argue that..., others believe that... | | 重申个人立场 | 明确表达自己的观点,避免模糊表述 | From my perspective, the former/latter argument is more convincing. | | 提出建议或展望 | 基于立场提出解决方案或未来趋势 | Therefore, it is advisable to... or Only through... can we... |
模板2:单一立场型(适用于“明确支持一方观点”题型) | 功能说明 | 示例句式 | |-------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------|--------------------------------------------------------------------------| | 重申核心论点 | 用同义替换复述开头段的立场 | As has been discussed, the advantages of... outweigh its disadvantages. | | 总结分论点 | 概括主体段2-3个分论点的核心依据 | This is evident in terms of...,... and... | | 强调意义或影响 | 阐明观点的深层价值或现实意义 | Hence, promoting... is crucial for the sustainable development of... |
结尾段写作的常见误区与避坑指南重复**:直接复制开头段或主体段的句子,缺乏同义替换和逻辑整合。
避坑技巧:使用“in conclusion/ to sum up”等过渡词引出总结,通过“paraphrase”(改写)重组观点,例如将“Technology has improved life”替换为“The advancement of technology has significantly enhanced the quality of human life”。
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引入新论据:在结尾段突然提出未在主体段讨论的新例子或数据。
避坑技巧:严格遵循“总结大于创新”原则,所有内容需基于前文论证,可适当补充“建议”“展望”等宏观表述,如“Future research could explore...”。 -
立场模糊:在结尾段动摇或未明确表达个人立场。
避坑技巧:使用“strongly believe/ firmly contend”等坚定词汇,避免使用“maybe/ perhaps”等模糊表达,确保立场一致性。
结尾段的语言提升技巧
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同义替换与句式变换:避免重复使用高频词汇,例如将“important”替换为“crucial/ significant/ vital”,通过倒装句、强调句等丰富句式,如“It is not merely... but also... that truly matters”。
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逻辑连接词的精准使用:根据逻辑关系选择合适的连接词,例如表总结(overall/ in essence)、表结果(consequently/ as a result)、表展望(looking ahead/ in the long run)。
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词汇搭配的高级化:使用学术化搭配,如“exert profound influence on”“address pressing issues”“strike a balance between”,提升语言的专业度。
实例分析:对比普通结尾与高分结尾Some people think that university education should be free for everyone. To what extent do you agree or disagree?
普通结尾示例:
“In conclusion, university education should be free. This is because it helps poor students and society. I think free education is good.” 重复、词汇简单、缺乏逻辑衔接)
高分结尾示例:
“In essence, while the financial burden of tertiary education may pose challenges, its provision as a public good yields long-term societal benefits. By removing economic barriers, governments can not only foster equal opportunities for individuals from all backgrounds but also cultivate a more skilled workforce conducive to national development. Therefore, it is imperative for nations to prioritize investment in free university education to build a more equitable and prosperous future.”
(优势:结构完整、逻辑清晰、词汇学术化、观点升华)
FAQs
Q1:结尾段需要多少字数?是否会影响分数?
A1:雅思写作结尾段建议写40-60词,约占全文篇幅的10%-15%,字数过少可能导致总结不充分,过多则易显冗余,评分时考官更关注内容质量而非字数,只要满足简洁、完整的要求,不会因字数少而扣分。
Q2:如何在结尾段避免与开头段重复?
A2:可通过“视角转换”和“语言升级”避免重复,开头段提出观点“Free education promotes equality”,结尾段可从“社会影响”角度升华:“Ultimately, the democratization of higher education paves the way for social mobility and reduces inequality”,使用不同的句式结构和高级词汇,确保表达多样性和逻辑递进。
