考研小作文作为英语写作的重要组成部分,其分值占比虽不如大作文,但却是检验考生语言基础和应用能力的关键环节,要想在考研小作文中取得高分,除了掌握基本的写作结构和逻辑外,灵活运用多样化的句型更是提升文章表达效果的核心技巧,以下将从不同功能模块出发,系统梳理考研小作文中常用的高分句型,并结合实例解析其应用场景,帮助考生高效积累写作素材。

开头段万能句型:自然切入,明确主题
开头段的作用是点明写作目的,快速建立与读者的沟通桥梁,根据作文类型(如图表、书信、通知等),开头句型可灵活调整,但需遵循“简洁明了、直击要点”的原则。
书信类作文开头
书信类是考研小作文最常考查的类型,开头需明确写信人与收信人的关系及写信目的。
- 自我介绍型:
"I am Li Ming, a senior student from the Department of Physics at Peking University."
(我是李明,北京大学物理系的一名大四学生。) - 说明目的型:
"I am writing to express my sincere gratitude for your generous assistance during my recent research project."
(我写这封信是为了对我的研究项目中您给予的慷慨帮助表示诚挚的感谢。) - 回应邀请型:
"Thank you for your invitation to deliver a speech on environmental protection at the upcoming forum."
(感谢您邀请我在即将到来的论坛上就环境保护主题发表演讲。)
图表类作文开头
图表类开头需概括图表核心信息,引出下文分析。
- 描述整体趋势型:
"As is vividly depicted in the bar chart, the number of college students pursuing postgraduate degrees has witnessed a steady increase over the past decade."
(如图表 vividly 描绘的那样,过去十年间,攻读研究生学位的大学生数量呈现稳定增长趋势。) - 点明核心数据型:
"The pie chart clearly illustrates that 60% of respondents prefer online learning over traditional classroom teaching."
(饼图清晰地显示,60%的受访者更喜欢在线学习而非传统课堂教学。)
主体段逻辑衔接句型:层次分明,论证有力
主体段是文章的核心,需通过逻辑衔接词和多样化句型展开观点,避免内容重复或结构混乱。
因果关系句型
- 表原因:
"The primary reason for this phenomenon is that postgraduate education provides more in-depth professional knowledge."
(这一现象的主要原因是研究生教育能提供更深入的专业知识。)
"This trend can be attributed to the government's favorable policies for higher education."
(这一趋势可归因于政府对高等教育的利好政策。) - 表结果:
"Consequently, an increasing number of graduates are choosing to continue their studies rather than enter the job market immediately."
(越来越多的毕业生选择继续深造而非立即就业。)
对比转折句型
- 对比观点:
"While some people argue that practical experience is more important than theoretical knowledge, others maintain that academic education lays a solid foundation for career development."
(虽然有些人认为实践经验比理论知识更重要,但其他人坚持认为学术教育为职业发展奠定了坚实基础。) - 转折强调:
"However, it is worth noting that over-reliance on technology may lead to a decline of face-to-face communication skills."
(值得注意的是,过度依赖技术可能导致面对面沟通能力的下降。)
举例论证句型
- 具体举例:
"A case in point is the rapid development of artificial intelligence, which has revolutionized various industries such as healthcare and transportation."
(一个恰当的例子是人工智能的快速发展,它彻底改变了医疗和交通等多个行业。) - 概括举例:
"Take, for example, the growing popularity of online education platforms, which have made learning more accessible to people from all walks of life."
(以在线教育平台的日益普及为例,它们已让各阶层人士更容易获取教育资源。)
结尾段总结升华句型:简洁有力,呼应开头
结尾段需总结全文观点,提出建议、展望未来或表达态度,避免引入新信息。
总结观点型
- 概括核心:
"In conclusion, while postgraduate study offers academic and professional benefits, individuals should carefully consider their personal interests and career goals before making a decision."
(尽管研究生学习能带来学术和职业上的益处,但个人在决定前应仔细考虑自身兴趣和职业目标。) - 强调重要性:
"To sum up, environmental protection is not just a responsibility but a necessity for the sustainable development of human society."
(环境保护不仅是一种责任,更是人类社会可持续发展的必然要求。)
提出建议/呼吁型
- 建议措施:
"It is advisable that universities should strengthen cooperation with enterprises to provide students with more internship opportunities."
(建议大学应加强与企业的合作,为学生提供更多实习机会。) - 呼吁行动:
"Let us take immediate action to reduce plastic waste and strive to build a greener planet for future generations."
(让我们立即采取行动减少塑料废物,为子孙后代努力建设一个更绿色的星球。)
常用高分句型汇总表
| 功能分类 | 句型示例 | 适用场景 |
|---|---|---|
| 开头引入 | "The issue of... has aroused wide concern." | 议论文/图表类引出话题 |
| 表达观点 | "From my perspective,..." / "As far as I am concerned,..." | 主体段明确个人立场 |
| 数据描述 | "The figure reached a peak of... in 2025." / "It accounted for approximately 30% of the total." | 图表类作文数据呈现 |
| 建议措施 | "It is imperative that we should..." / "We are supposed to..." | 书信建议类/问题解决类作文 |
| 结尾升华 | "Only in this way can we..." / "It is high time that we took action." | 各种类型作文结尾强调重要性 |
FAQs
问题1:考研小作文中如何避免句型单一?
解答:可通过替换核心词汇、变换句式结构(如主动变被动、简单句变复合句)以及积累同义表达来丰富句型,表达“我认为”时,可交替使用 "I think", "In my opinion", "From my perspective", "As far as I am concerned" 等;适当运用倒装句("Only by doing this can we solve the problem.")或强调句("It is the government's responsibility to...") 增强句式多样性。
问题2:如何在有限时间内快速构思小作文框架?
解答:考前需针对不同作文类型(书信、通知、图表等)总结固定框架,如书信类采用“自我介绍/点明目的—具体内容—结尾祝福/期待”三段式结构;图表类遵循“描述图表—分析原因/影响—总结建议”逻辑,拿到题目后,先确定类型和核心信息,再用2-3个关键词标注每段要点,最后套用熟练句型填充内容,确保结构清晰、逻辑连贯。
