雅思饼形图作文是雅思写作Task 1中常见的图表题型，主要考察考生对数据描述、比较和总结的能力，这类作文要求考生清晰呈现图表中的核心信息，通过数据对比揭示趋势或差异，并保持语言简洁准确，以下从结构分析、写作技巧、注意事项及实例解析四个方面展开详细说明,帮助考生系统掌握饼形图作文的写作方法。
饼形图作文的基本结构
饼形图作文通常采用四段式结构，确保逻辑清晰、内容完整。
开头段（Introduction）
- 核心任务：简要描述图表主题，明确时间范围（若有）及整体内容。
- 写作要点：
- 使用同义替换题目关键词,避免重复。
- 点明图表类型（如pie chart/bar chart）和描述对象。
- 不添加个人观点或数据细节。
- 示例：
The pie chart illustrates the proportion of energy consumption sourced from different types of renewable resources in a European country in 2025.
概括段（Overview）
- 核心任务：总结图表最显著的特征或趋势,无需涉及具体数据。
- 写作要点：
- 提炼最高和最低占比的项目。
- 比例接近的项目可合并描述。
- 使用占比较高的词汇（如the majority, a significant portion）。
- 示例：
Overall, solar energy constituted the largest share of renewable energy use, while biomass accounted for the smallest proportion. Wind and hydro energy contributed moderately, with slightly different percentages.
主体段一（Body Paragraph 1）
- 核心任务：详细描述占比最高或最相关的1-2类数据。
- 写作要点：
- 使用具体数据支撑观点（如百分比、倍数关系）。
- 采用比较级结构（如A was higher than B by X%）。
- 结合数据趋势说明原因（若图表隐含信息）。
- 示例：
Solar energy dominated the renewable energy mix, representing 45% of the total consumption. This was significantly higher than wind energy, which constituted 30%, and nearly three times the proportion of hydro energy (15%).
主体段二（Body Paragraph 2）
- 核心任务：描述剩余数据或补充对比信息。
- 写作要点：
- 按数据大小或逻辑顺序排列。
- 使用连接词（如In contrast, Meanwhile）增强连贯性。
- 可加入数据间的加减乘除关系（如A was twice as much as B）。
- 示例：
In contrast, biomass energy accounted for only 10% of the total, making it the least utilized resource. The combined share of wind and hydro energy (45%) was slightly less than that of solar power, highlighting the dominance of solar technology in this region.
高分写作技巧
数据表达多样化
避免重复使用“accounted for”,可替换为：
- Comprised/Constituted/Composed
- Made up/Represented/Accounted for
- Occupied/Took up
比较句式灵活运用
- 同级比较：A was similar to B (25% vs. 23%)
- 差异对比：A was twice as much as B (40% compared to 20%)
- 倍数关系：The percentage of X tripled that of Y
逻辑连接词
- 递进：Furthermore, Moreover
- 转折：However, In contrast, Conversely
- Overall, In conclusion
常见错误与注意事项
| 错误类型 | 正确做法 | |-------------------------|------------------------------------------|段 | 必须包含概述段，提炼核心趋势 | | 数据描述不完整 | 覆盖所有类别，避免遗漏关键数据 | | 使用绝对化词汇 | 避免如“all”“most”等无数据支持的表述 | | 时态混乱 | 静态图表用一般现在时，动态图表用过去时 | | 字数不足 | Task 1建议150词左右，确保结构完整 |
实例解析（2025年某国能源消耗饼形图）
The pie chart below shows the main energy sources used in a country in 2025. Summarise the information by selecting and reporting the main features, and make comparisons where relevant.
参考范文：
The pie chart presents the distribution of primary energy sources in a country in 2025. Fossil fuels, coal, and natural gas collectively dominated the energy mix, while renewable sources played a minor role.
Overall, fossil fuels constituted the majority of energy consumption, with coal being the single largest contributor. Renewable energy, despite its growing global importance, accounted for a relatively small proportion in this country.
Coal represented 40% of the total energy use, making it the most significant source. Natural gas followed closely at 35%, while oil constituted 15%. The combined share of these three fossil fuels reached 90%, highlighting the heavy reliance on non-renewable resources.
In contrast, renewable energy sources collectively made up only 10% of the total. Solar energy was the most prominent among them, at 5%, followed by wind and hydro energy, each contributing 3% and 2% respectively. Biomass energy, the least utilized, accounted for just 1% of the energy consumption.
相关问答FAQs
问题1：饼形图作文是否需要描述所有数据？
解答：是的，考生应覆盖图表中的所有类别，但可根据占比调整描述详略，占比最高的数据可详细说明，而占比相近的数据可合并描述,避免冗长。
问题2：如何处理饼形图中占比接近的数据？
解答：当两个或多个数据比例接近时（如32%和30%），可使用相似表述（如A and B were nearly equal, at approximately 30% each）或强调微小差异（A was slightly higher than B by 2%）,确保比较的准确性。
