雅思写作中,图表描述是学术类Task 1的常见题型,而饼图因其直观展示比例关系的特点,成为高频考点之一,许多考生在详尽描述完数据后,却对结尾部分感到迷茫,不知如何收笔才能有力、得体,一个出色的饼图结尾,绝非简单重复数据,而是展现考生分析、归纳与语言驾驭能力的关键一环,能为文章整体分数带来显著提升。

超越数据罗列:结尾的核心功能
我们必须明确饼图结尾的核心使命,它不应是主体段的机械复述,而应承担起以下功能:
- 概括核心趋势:用精炼的语言,点明图表所揭示的最显著、最整体的比例关系或分布特征,是“绝大多数集中于”,还是“分布相对均衡”,或是“某一项占据绝对主导地位”。
- 突出关键对比:在多个饼图或动态饼图(展示变化)中,结尾需要提炼出最重要的变化或差异。“最显著的变化体现在A比例的急剧上升与B比例的相应萎缩”。
- 体现数据敏感性:避免使用“很大”、“很小”这类模糊词汇,而是恰当使用“显著多数”、“微弱优势”、“可忽略不计的份额”等体现对数据精确感知的表达。
- 提升文章完整性:一个独立、凝练的结尾段,使文章结构完整,符合学术写作的规范,给考官留下良好的整体印象。
实用结尾句型与策略分类
根据饼图呈现信息的不同,我们可以采用不同的结尾策略。

对于静态单饼图(描述某一时间点的比例分布): 重点在于总结总体构成。
- 突出主导项:“Overall, it is evident that [类别A] constituted the largest proportion, accounting for over half of the total, while all other categories represented significantly smaller shares.”
- 概括分布形态:“In summary, the data presents a clear hierarchy, with [类别A] being the most prevalent, followed by [类别B] and [类别C], which together make up the majority.”
- 强调次要项:“To conclude, although [类别A] is the single largest segment, the combined total of [类别B, C, D] is equally noteworthy, indicating a diverse composition.”
对于动态多饼图(比较不同时间点的变化): 重点在于归纳核心变化趋势。
- 聚焦最显著变化:“Overall, the most striking change over the period was the dramatic increase in the percentage of [类别A], which coincided with a marked decline in the proportion of [类别B].”
- 概括趋势逆转:“In conclusion, while [类别A] dominated at the beginning of the period, by [结束时间], [类别B] had become the largest sector, reflecting a complete shift in the pattern.”
- 指出稳定与变化:“Overall, the distribution underwent significant changes in some areas, particularly regarding [变化项], whereas the share of [稳定项] remained relatively constant throughout.”
从合格到卓越:语言升级与思维深化
掌握基础句型后,通过语言升级和思维深化,能让结尾脱颖而出。

词汇精准化:
- 避免重复使用“account for”,可替换为 “represent”, “comprise”, “make up”, “constitute”, “take up”。
- 描述“大份额”:dominant, predominant, overwhelming, substantial, considerable。
- 描述“小份额”:marginal, minimal, negligible, fractional。
- 描述“变化”:a surge, a dramatic rise, a moderate increase, a slight growth; a sharp drop, a gradual decline, a modest reduction。
句式多样化:
- 使用状语从句凸显逻辑:“While Category A saw growth, Category B experienced an opposite trend.”
- 使用分词结构使表达紧凑:“The period was characterized by a growing emphasis on A, mirrored by a decreasing focus on B.”
- 使用“比较”结构:“The most significant contrast lies in the fact that A doubled its share, whereas B halved over the same period.”
思维深化——合理推断与谨慎联系: 这是体现E-A-T(专业性、权威性、可信度)中“专业性”的关键,在严格基于图表数据的前提下,可以进行一句非常谨慎、合理的推断或联系,但切忌凭空猜测。
- 合理推断趋势:“Given the consistent upward trajectory shown, it is possible that the proportion of renewable energy may continue to expand in the foreseeable future.” (基于图表显示的持续上升趋势)
- 点明潜在含义:“The heavy reliance on a single source, as depicted, might imply potential vulnerabilities in the system.” (基于图表显示的“严重依赖单一来源”这一客观事实)
- 绝对避免:引入图表未提及的原因、个人主观评价(如“这是好的”)或无关的外部信息。
必须规避的常见失误
- 引入新信息:结尾段绝对不要出现主体段未描述过的具体数据或类别。
- 过度解读:避免脱离数据的因果分析,图表只展示“是什么”,不直接解释“为什么”。
- 表达绝对化:慎用“prove”, “must”, “always”,学术写作倾向使用“suggest”, “indicate”, “could potentially”。
- 结尾过于仓促:不要用一句话匆匆结束,如“This is the end of the report.” 或 “That’s all the data.”。
- 忽略任务指令:牢记Task 1是报告(Report),结尾不应出现议论文(Essay)的“个人观点”式结论。
精炼范例赏析
假设图表展示了某国2010年与2020年能源结构的饼图变化,其中可再生能源比例大幅上升,煤炭比例下降。
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合格结尾:“Overall, the proportion of renewable energy increased greatly from 2010 to 2020, while coal decreased.” (概括了变化,但语言平淡,缺乏细节和精准度)
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优秀结尾:“In conclusion, the two decades witnessed a notable shift in the energy mix. Renewable sources, particularly solar and wind, collectively saw a substantial rise in their share, contrasting sharply with the marked decline in the reliance on coal. This suggests a significant move towards cleaner energy production within the country.” (概括了核心变化,突出了关键对比,使用了精准词汇,并基于数据做出了谨慎合理的推断。)
锤炼雅思饼图结尾的过程,实质是训练学术概括能力与精准书面表达的过程,它要求写作者像一位冷静的报告者,从纷繁的数据中抽丝剥茧,用严谨、清晰、地道的语言,为描述画上一个有力而恰当的句点,在日常练习中,不妨将结尾段的写作单独作为一项训练,针对同一组数据尝试用不同句式和角度进行概括,并反复比较其效果,当你能游刃有余地为数据描述收尾时,不仅雅思写作Task 1的成绩会得到保障,你在英语学术环境下的信息整合与呈现能力也将获得切实提升。
