雅思小作文动词如何选择使用？-梅苑双语网

在雅思小作文的写作中，动词的选择是影响文章质量的关键因素之一，准确、多样的动词不仅能清晰传达数据变化趋势，还能体现语言运用的灵活性和学术性，本文将系统梳理雅思小作文中常用的动词类型、使用场景及注意事项,帮助考生提升写作表达的精准度。

（图片来源网络，侵删）

描述数据变化的动态动词

动态动词主要用于展示图表中数据的增减、波动等变化趋势，是图表类作文的核心词汇,根据变化方向可分为以下几类：

增长类动词
- 表示"增长"的基础动词：increase, grow, rise, climb
- 强调"显著增长"的动词：surge, soar, jump, leap
- 表示"缓慢增长"的动词：creep up, edge up
  例句：The number of international students surged from 5,000 to 15,000 between 2010 and 2025.
下降类动词
- 基础动词：decrease, decline, drop, fall
- 强调"急剧下降"：plummet, crash, slump
- 表示"小幅下降"：dip, dip slightly
  例句：The price of crude oil plummeted by 30% in the first quarter of 2025.
波动类动词
（图片来源网络，侵删）
- fluctuate, vary, oscillate, swing
  例句：The temperature fluctuated wildly throughout the day, reaching a peak of 35°C at noon and dropping to 18°C at midnight.
稳定类动词
- stabilize, remain stable, level off, plateau
  例句：After years of rapid growth, the housing market finally leveled off in 2025.

这类动词用于连接不同数据间的逻辑关系,体现数据的关联性和对比性。

对比关系
- contrast with, differ from, while, whereas
  例句：The percentage of urban residents differs significantly from that of rural areas, with 78% versus 45%.
倍数关系
（图片来源网络，侵删）
- double, triple, quadruple, multiply by
  例句：The company's profits doubled after the new marketing strategy was implemented.
占比关系
- account for, constitute, make up, represent
  例句：Renewable energy accounts for approximately 35% of the country's total electricity production.
极值关系
- peak at, reach its highest point, hit a low, bottom out
  例句：Tourist numbers peaked at 2 million during the summer holiday season.

比较类动词用于突出数据间的差异,常用于比较不同类别或时间段的数据。

超越与领先
- exceed, surpass, overtake, outperform
  例句：Sales of electric vehicles exceeded those of gasoline cars for the first time in 2025.
相似与接近
- approximate, hover around, be close to, be similar to
  例句：The unemployment rate in both countries hovered around 5% last year.
差异悬殊
- widen, narrow, widen the gap, reduce the disparity
  例句：The gap between rich and poor has widened considerably over the past decade.

在流程图、地图题或涉及预测的图表中,需使用特定动词表达发展方向。

未来趋势
- be projected to, is expected to, is forecast to
  例句：The population is projected to reach 10 million by 2050.
发展方向
- extend, expand, stretch, branch out
  例句：The high-speed railway network will extend to all provincial capitals by 2025.
转化过程
- transform into, convert into, develop into
  例句：The old factory has been transformed into a modern art center.

根据剑桥雅思官方范文统计,高频动词使用比例如下：

掌握动词的正确搭配是提升表达准确性的关键：

动词	常见搭配	错误示例	正确表达
increase	increase significantly/dramatically	increase big	increase sharply
fluctuate	fluctuate wildly/frequently	fluctuate high	fluctuate between...and...
account for	account for the largest proportion	account for most	account for approximately 40%
compare	compare A with B	compare to	compare the figures of...and...
reach	reach a peak/record low	reach high	reach its highest point