雅思小作文样例
雅思写作考试中,小作文（Task 1）要求考生在20分钟内完成至少150词的图表描述，虽然篇幅较短，但想要拿高分，必须掌握清晰的逻辑、准确的词汇和多样的句式，本文将通过具体样例分析，帮助考生提升小作文写作能力。
雅思小作文的核心要求
小作文主要考察考生对数据的描述、比较和趋势分析能力，常见的题型包括：
- 柱状图（Bar Chart）
- 线形图（Line Graph）
- 饼图（Pie Chart）
- 表格（Table）
- 流程图（Process Diagram）
- 地图（Map）
无论哪种题型,写作时都应遵循以下原则：
- 客观描述：避免主观判断，仅呈现数据。
- 逻辑清晰：按时间、类别或重要性组织信息。
- 词汇准确：使用恰当的动词、名词和副词表达趋势。
- 句式多样：避免重复，灵活运用被动语态、分词结构和从句。
高分小作文的结构
一篇优秀的小作文通常包含四部分：
（1）引言（Introduction）
用1-2句话改写题目，说明图表的主要内容。
例句：
- 原题：The chart below shows the percentage of people using different modes of transportation in a European city in 1990 and 2010.
- 改写：The bar chart illustrates the proportion of citizens in a European city who used various transport methods in 1990 and 2010.
（2）概述（Overview）
用2-3句话概括图表的主要趋势或最显著特点，不涉及具体数据。
例句：
- Overall, car usage increased significantly, while walking and cycling became less popular. Public transport remained the most common mode of travel in both years.
（3）细节段落（Details Paragraphs）
分段描述具体数据,通常分为2段：
- 第一段：描述最高/最低值或最明显的变化。
- 第二段：补充次要信息或对比不同类别。
例句（柱状图分析）：
- In 1990, buses were the most popular choice, accounting for 40% of all trips, whereas only 10% of people drove cars. By 2010, car usage had risen to 35%, surpassing buses, which dropped to 30%.
（4）可选）
小作文可不写结尾,但若时间允许，可用1句话总结趋势。
关键词汇与句式
（1）趋势描述词汇
- 上升：increase, rise, grow, climb, surge
- 下降：decrease, decline, drop, fall, plummet
- 波动：fluctuate, vary, experience changes
- 稳定：remain stable, stay constant, level off
（2）程度副词
- 大幅变化：significantly, dramatically, sharply
- 小幅变化：slightly, moderately, gradually
（3）高分句式
- 比较句式：
- While A increased, B decreased.
- In contrast to A, B showed a steady rise.
- 被动语态：
- The number of car users was highest in 2010.
- 分词结构：
- Starting at 20%, the figure rose to 50% by the end of the period.
常见错误与改进方法
（1）数据描述不准确
- 错误：The graph shows that many people used buses.（模糊）
- 改进：The graph indicates that 45% of commuters chose buses in 2010.（具体）
（2）过度使用简单句
- 错误：Car usage increased. Bus usage decreased.（单调）
- 改进：While car usage rose sharply, bus travel experienced a decline.（复杂句）
（3）遗漏关键趋势
考生常陷入细节而忽略整体趋势,应先写概述再补充数据。
真题样例分析
*
The line graph below shows the changes in the number of international students enrolled in a UK university between 2000 and 2020.*
范文：
The line graph illustrates how the population of overseas students at a British university changed over two decades, from 2000 to 2020.
Overall, the number of international students grew steadily, with a notable surge after 2010. Although there was a slight dip in 2015, the figure reached its peak by the end of the period.
In 2000, around 5,000 foreign students were enrolled. This number rose gradually to 8,000 by 2010. The following five years saw a rapid increase, with enrollments exceeding 15,000 in 2015, despite a temporary drop that year. By 2020, the figure had climbed to 20,000, the highest point on the graph.
In contrast, the proportion of European students declined after 2010, while applicants from Asia and Africa contributed most to the growth.
练习建议
- 每日精练：选择1-2个图表，限时20分钟写作。
- 对照范文：分析高分答案的词汇、句式和逻辑。
- 积累短语：整理常见趋势表达，避免考试时重复。
- 寻求反馈：请老师或高分考生批改，发现薄弱点。
雅思小作文的高分秘诀在于精准的数据描述和清晰的逻辑结构,通过系统练习和针对性改进，考生完全可以在短期内显著提升写作水平。
