Introduction
在雅思写作考试中,议论文（Task 2）常常涉及科技、社会、环境等话题。“太空探索是否值得投资”是一个高频题目，既能考察考生的逻辑思维，也能检验语言表达能力，本文将围绕这一话题，结合雅思写作评分标准，提供实用的写作技巧，帮助考生在考试中高效组织论点、提升语言质量。
审题与观点确立
通常以辩论形式出现,
“Some people believe that governments should invest more in space exploration, while others argue that the money should be spent on solving Earth’s problems. Discuss both views and give your own opinion.”
关键步骤：
- 明确题型：本题属于“双边讨论+个人观点”类，需平衡双方论点后再表态。
- 快速构思：
- 支持太空探索：科技进步、资源开发、国际合作。
- 反对太空探索：成本过高、地球问题更紧迫。
- 立场清晰：避免模棱两可，结尾段需明确倾向。
高分技巧：用“让步反驳法”增强逻辑性。
“While addressing poverty and climate change is critical, space research offers long-term benefits that cannot be ignored.”
论点扩展与论据支撑
雅思写作要求论点具体、论据充分，以下为可用的论证角度：
支持太空探索的论点
- 科技突破：卫星技术改善通信（如GPS）、医疗设备研发（如MRI源自NASA技术）。
- 资源潜力：小行星采矿可能解决稀有金属短缺问题。
- 人类未来：火星殖民计划（如SpaceX）为物种存续提供备选方案。
数据引用：
“According to a 2023 report by the OECD, every $1 invested in space programs generates $7 in economic returns through spin-off technologies.”
反对太空探索的论点
- 成本争议：一次火星任务耗资数十亿美元，相当于数百万人的基础教育预算。
- 优先级问题：全球8亿人缺乏清洁水源，资金或应优先用于基础设施。
- 环境风险：火箭发射加剧碳排放（单次发射约释放300吨CO₂）。
案例支撑：
“The UN estimates that ending world hunger by 2030 would require $330 billion annually—less than half of global military spending.”
语言提升策略
词汇多样性
避免重复使用“important”或“good”，替换为：
- crucial, pivotal, indispensable（重要性）
- feasible, cost-effective, sustainable（可行性）
例句对比：
- 低分：Space exploration is good for technology.
- 高分：Space missions catalyze groundbreaking innovations, from AI-driven robotics to advanced materials science.
句式复杂度
混合使用简单句、复合句和强调句：
- 倒装句：Not only does space research expand human knowledge, but it also stimulates private sector investment.
- 虚拟语气：Without international collaboration, projects like the ISS would be impossible.
衔接与连贯
使用逻辑连接词：
- 对比：whereas, conversely
- 因果：hence, thereby
- 举例：for instance, a case in point
段落示范：
Critics argue that space programs divert funds from urgent social needs. However, proponents counter that technologies derived from NASA research, such as water purification systems, directly benefit developing regions.
常见错误与修正
-
泛泛而谈：
- 错误：Space exploration is expensive.
- 修正：The James Webb Telescope’s $10 billion budget could fund 200,000 rural schools in low-income countries.
-
主观表述：
- 错误：Everyone knows space is useless.
- 修正：Some economists question the ROI of deep-space missions compared to terrestrial investments.
-
时态混乱：
- 错误：Scientists discovered new planets last year.（应使用现在完成时强调影响）
- 修正：Scientists have identified over 5,000 exoplanets since the 1990s, revolutionizing astrobiology.
实战范文节选
Body Paragraph 1 (支持太空探索)
Investing in space exploration yields tangible technological spin-offs. For example, lightweight materials developed for spacecraft are now used in prosthetic limbs, enhancing mobility for amputees. Moreover, satellite-based monitoring systems enable precise weather forecasting, saving thousands of lives annually during natural disasters. These innovations justify the allocation of public funds to cosmic research.
Body Paragraph 2 (反对观点反驳)
Admittedly, space missions require colossal expenditures. Yet, dismissing them as wasteful overlooks their long-term payoffs. The Apollo program’s $25 billion investment in the 1960s spurred advances in computing and telecommunications—industries now worth trillions. Rather than curtailing budgets, governments should optimize collaboration between agencies and private firms to reduce costs.
Final Thought
雅思写作的高分关键在于逻辑严密、语言精准，太空探索话题虽抽象，但通过具体案例和数据，考生能展现批判性思维，建议多阅读《经济学人》或NASA报告积累素材，并定期仿写高分范文，清晰的立场与扎实的论证远比华丽的词汇更重要。
