cohesion作文-梅苑双语网

什么是 Cohesion (衔接)？

在英语写作中，Cohesion（中文常译为“衔接”或“连贯性”）指的是句子与句子、段落与段落之间通过各种语言手段（如代词、连接词、重复等）建立起来的逻辑联系，它确保文章的各个部分像一个有机整体一样流畅地连接在一起,让读者能够轻松地理解作者的思路和文章的脉络。

cohesion作文

一个简单的比喻： 如果说文章的是建造房子的砖块，那么Cohesion就是将这些砖块粘合在一起的水泥，没有水泥，房子就是一堆散乱的砖块；没有衔接，文章就是一堆孤立的观点,难以阅读和理解。

Cohesion vs. Coherence (连贯性) 需要注意的是，Cohesion（衔接）和 Coherence（连贯性）是两个相关但不同的概念。

Cohesion (衔接)：是形式上的，关注的是语言层面的连接手段（how the text is connected）。
Coherence (连贯性)：是内容上的，关注的是文章的逻辑是否清晰、观点是否合理、论证是否有力（whether the text makes sense）。

一篇好的文章，必须两者兼备，逻辑不通的内容（缺乏 Coherence），再好的衔接手段也无济于事；反之，逻辑清晰但缺乏衔接手段的文章（缺乏 Cohesion）,读起来也会非常生涩。

Cohesion 的核心要素与实用技巧

以下是实现 Cohesion 的几种最常用、最有效的技巧：

使用指代词

这是最基本也最常用的衔接手段，用代词（如 it, they, this, that, these, those, he, she, him, her）来代替前面已经提到过的名词或概念，避免重复,同时建立句子间的联系。

Without Cohesion: The government announced a new tax policy. The new tax policy will affect small businesses the most.
With Cohesion: The government announced a new tax policy. It will affect small businesses the most. (用 It 指代 a new tax policy)

使用过渡词和短语

过渡词和短语是文章的“路标”，它们明确地告诉读者句子或段落之间的关系（如转折、因果、递进、举例等）。

关系类型	常用过渡词/短语
补充/递进	Furthermore, Moreover, In addition, Additionally, Not only... but also...
转折/对比	However, Nevertheless, On the other hand, In contrast, Although, While, But
因果	Therefore, Thus, Consequently, As a result, Because of, Due to, Hence
举例	For example, For instance, To illustrate, A case in point is...
顺序/时间	First, Second, Finally, Meanwhile, Subsequently, In the meantime
结论	In conclusion, To sum up, In summary, Overall, All in all

Without Cohesion: Students should read widely. Reading improves vocabulary. It also enhances critical thinking.
With Cohesion: Students should read widely. Furthermore, reading improves vocabulary. Moreover, it also enhances critical thinking.

重复关键词或使用同义词/近义词

直接重复关键词可以强调核心概念，而使用同义词或近义词则可以避免单调,同时保持主题的连贯性。

Without Cohesion: The city's traffic problem is serious. The problem needs immediate solutions.
With Cohesion (Repetition): The city's traffic problem is serious. The problem needs immediate solutions.
With Cohesion (Synonyms): The city's traffic problem is serious. This issue needs immediate solutions.

使用平行结构

平行结构指的是在句子或段落中使用相同或相似的语法结构来表达并列的思想，这不仅能增强 Cohesion,还能使文章的节奏感和力量感更强。

Without Cohesion: She likes hiking, swimming, and to go camping.
With Cohesion (Parallel Structure): She likes hiking, swimming, and camping. (动名词 ing 形式平行)
Another Example: The key to success is not to be perfect, but to be persistent; not to avoid failure, but to learn from it.

使用代词和指示性形容词

除了简单的代词，this, that, these, those 也是非常有效的衔接工具,用来指代前文提到的整个观点或情况。

Without Cohesion: The company invested heavily in new technology. The investment led to a 30% increase in productivity.
With Cohesion: The company invested heavily in new technology. This investment led to a 30% increase in productivity. (This 指代整个前面的句子)

Cohesion 范文分析

下面我们通过一篇范文来具体分析上述技巧是如何运用的。

Topic: The Importance of Learning a Second Language

(1) In an increasingly interconnected world, the ability to communicate in more than one language has become a crucial skill. (2) This skill not only opens doors to new cultures and perspectives but also provides tangible career benefits. (3) Therefore, it is highly advantageous for individuals to invest time and effort into learning a second language.

(4) To begin with, learning a new language offers profound cultural enrichment. (5) For instance, when one learns Japanese, one gains access to the rich world of anime, literature, and cinema that might otherwise remain inaccessible. (6) Moreover, the process of learning often involves interacting with native speakers, which fosters a deeper understanding and appreciation of different customs and traditions. (7) This cross-cultural competence is invaluable in today's globalized society.

(8) In addition to the cultural benefits, there are significant professional advantages. (9) For example, many multinational corporations actively seek employees who are bilingual or multilingual. (10) As a result, these individuals often have access to a wider range of job opportunities and may even receive higher salaries. (11) Furthermore, in fields such as diplomacy, international business, and tourism, proficiency in a second language is not just an asset but often a prerequisite for success.

(12) In conclusion, the benefits of learning a second language are both cultural and professional. (13) It broadens one's horizons, enhances career prospects, and promotes global understanding. (14) Thus, dedicating oneself to this endeavor is undoubtedly a worthwhile investment for the future.

Cohesion 技巧分析：

指代词:
- 第(2)句的 This skill 指代第(1)句的 the ability to communicate in more than one language。
- 第(7)句的 This cross-cultural competence 指代前面整段关于文化好处的论述。
- 第(13)句的 It 指代学习第二语言这件事。
过渡词/短语:
- 开头: Therefore (第3句) 总结了前两句的观点。
- 段落内部: To begin with (第4句) 引出第一个分论点；For instance (第5句) 举例说明；Moreover (第6句) 提供另一个论据。
- 段落之间: In addition to the cultural benefits (第8句) 巧妙地承上启下,引出第二个分论点。
- 段落内部: For example (第9句) 举例；As a result (第10句) 表明结果；Furthermore (第11句) 补充说明。
- In conclusion (第12句) 开始总结；Thus (第14句) 得出最终结论。
重复与同义:
- 关键词重复: language (语言), learning (学习), benefits (好处) 等核心词汇在全文中多次出现,强化了主题。
- 同义词替换: 为了避免重复，作者使用了 skill (技能), advantageous (有优势的), enrichment (丰富), proficiency (熟练), prerequisite (先决条件) 等词来表达相似概念。
平行结构:
- 第(2)句: not only opens doors... but also provides... (不仅.....)
- 第(13)句: It broadens..., enhances..., and promotes... (它拓宽了...，提升了...，促进了...)
- 这些平行结构使句子节奏感强,逻辑清晰。