很多考生在备考雅思口语时，都有一个误区：认为使用 "um", "ah", "you know" 这样的填充词是口语流利度的表现，或者是为了给自己争取思考时间，在雅思口语考试中，过度或错误地使用填充词恰恰是拉低分数的关键因素之一。
雅思口语评分标准中的 Fluency and Coherence (流利度与连贯性)，考察的是你能否“毫不费力地”进行交流，频繁的填充词会打断你的思路，让你的回答听起来磕磕绊绊,严重影响流利度的评分。
为什么填充词是“禁忌”？
- 暴露紧张和不自信：频繁使用 "um", "uh" 会向考官传递一个信号：你对所谈论的话题不熟悉，或者你正在努力用中文思考再翻译成英文，这会让你听起来不自然、不自信。
- 打断思维连贯性：好的回答应该是像流水一样顺畅的，填充词就像河里的石头，不断打断你的“水流”，让你的逻辑链条断裂,听起来支离破碎。
- 浪费宝贵时间：雅思口语 Part 1 和 Part 2 每个问题的回答时间都非常有限，用 "um... um..." 来思考,会压缩你实际表达内容的时间。
- 词汇量贫乏的体现：人们用填充词是因为想不起来更精确的词,考官可能会认为你的词汇储备不足。
哪些是“坏”的填充词？
以下是需要极力避免或减少的填充词：
- 中文式直译：
you know(你知道的),like(像...一样),so...(..),actually...(.. - 用在句首表示犹豫) - 无意义的音节：
um,uh,er,ah,em - 口头禅：
I mean...,well...,let me see...,how should I say...,it's like...
如何用“高级”的填充词替代？
完全不用任何填充词几乎是不可能的，关键在于用更自然、更高级的方式来达到同样的目的（争取思考时间、组织语言）,这能让你听起来更像一个母语者。
以下是一些可以替代“坏”填充词的“好”策略和短语：
使用“思考短语”（Thinking Phrases）
这些短语听起来更自然，并且明确地告诉考官“我正在思考”，这比无意义的 "um" 要好得多。
| 场景 | “坏”的填充词 | “好”的替代说法 |
|---|---|---|
| 开始回答时 | Um... let me see... | That's a great question. (这是个好问题。) Well, that's an interesting point to consider. (嗯，这是个值得思考的有趣观点。) I've never really thought about that before, but I suppose... (我以前没太想过，但我想...) |
| 需要思考时 | Um... uh... | Let me think for a moment... (让我想一下...) How can I put this? (我该怎么说呢？) What I'm trying to say is... (我想说的是...) To be more specific... (更具体地说...) |
| 组织观点时 | So... you know... | On the one hand... on the other hand... (....) The main reason is... (主要原因是...) Another point to consider is... (另一个需要考虑的点是...) For instance, / For example,... (..) |
| 纠正或补充时 | I mean... | Perhaps I should clarify that... (也许我应该澄清一下...) To put it another way,... (换句话说...) Let me rephrase that. (让我换个说法。) |
使用“重复”和“自我修正”
这是母语者最常用的技巧之一，它不仅能为你争取时间,还能展示你的语言掌控能力。
-
重复关键词：
- 考官：
Do you like cooking? - 差回答：
Um, yes, I like cooking.(紧张,不流畅) - 好回答：
Cooking? Yes, I do enjoy cooking. It's a great way to relax.(通过重复问题中的词来争取思考时间)
- 考官：
-
自我修正：
- 差回答：
I went to a park... um... a very big park. - 好回答：
I went to a park, a rather large one actually, with my friends last weekend.(用 "rather large one actually" 来替代 "a very big park",听起来更地道)
- 差回答：
使用“连接词”和“逻辑短语”
这些短语不仅能替代填充词，还能让你的逻辑更清晰，直接提升 Coherence 的分数。
- 表示对比/转折：
However, ...,On the contrary, ...,Although, ... - 表示递进/补充：
Furthermore, ...,In addition, ...,Not only that, but also... - 表示举例：
For example, ...,Such as, ...,A case in point is... - 表示总结：
To sum up, ...,In conclusion, ...,Overall, ...
实战演练
我们来看一个 Part 2 话题的对比：
话题：Describe a time you helped someone.
❌ 低分回答 (充满“坏”填充词):
"Um... let me see... I think... um... I helped my friend... uh... last year. Um... he was... he was very sad because... um... he failed his exam. So... I just... you know... talked to him. And... um... gave him some advice. It was... um... good."
✅ 高分回答 (使用“好”策略):
"That's a really good question. I'd like to talk about a time I helped my close friend, Tom, a couple of years ago.
(开始回答) The situation was that he had just failed a very important exam for his university application, and he was absolutely devastated. (组织观点) To begin with, the main thing I did was just to be there for him. I didn't try to offer any solutions right away. (补充细节) For instance, I took him out for dinner and a movie, just to get his mind off the problem for a while. (表达感受) Later, when he was calmer, we sat down and I helped him analyze where he went wrong and come up with a new study plan. So, overall, I think what he needed most wasn't advice, but just a friend to listen and support him."
对比分析：
- 高分回答使用了 "That's a really good question", "To begin with", "For instance", "So, overall" 等短语，完全替代了 "um", "uh", "you know"。
- 逻辑清晰，层层递进，听起来非常流畅和自信，更丰富,展示了词汇和语法能力。
总结与建议
- 录下自己的声音：这是最有效的方法，用手机录音，然后回听，你会惊讶于自己用了多少 "um" 和 "like",有意识地去减少它们。
- 练习“思考短语”：在备考时，刻意练习使用 "That's a good question", "Let me think..." 等短语,让它们成为你的口头禅。
- 内容为王：与其纠结于填充词，不如把精力放在丰富你的回答内容上，当你有足够多想说的东西时，你就没空去想 "um" 了。
- 放慢语速：有时候说得快是因为紧张，适当放慢语速，用清晰的节奏说话，会让你听起来更从容、更自信,也能给你更多思考的时间。
- 接受不完美：没有人是完美的，偶尔用一个 "um" 没关系，关键是不要让它成为一种习惯，考官更看重的是你的整体沟通能力,而不是完美的无瑕表达。
雅思口语的目标是有效沟通，用高级、自然的“思考短语”来替代无意义的填充词，是提升你 Fluency and Coherence 分数最直接、最有效的方法之一,祝你考试顺利！
