剑桥雅思12 Test 6 小作文解析与写作指南
剑桥雅思12 Test 6 的小作文(Task 1)是一道典型的动态图表题,要求考生描述1990年至2000年间某国高等教育中不同学科领域的毕业生比例变化,图表包含四个学科:工程、科学、人文和社科,数据以百分比形式呈现,动态图表的核心在于展示数据随时间的变化趋势,因此考生需重点关注数据的增减、极值以及关键转折点。

写作结构与要点
-
引言段(Introduction)
- 简要概括图表内容:时间范围、主体(高等教育毕业生比例)、分类(四个学科)。
- 示例:“The chart illustrates the proportion of university graduates in four different fields—Engineering, Science, Humanities, and Social Sciences—in a particular country over a decade from 1990 to 2000.”
-
主体段(Body Paragraphs)
- 分段逻辑:按学科分组或整体趋势+细节描述,建议按学科分组,避免信息混杂。
- 关键数据:
- 工程:从15%升至25%(显著增长)。
- 科学:从30%微降至28%(轻微下降)。
- 人文:从35%大幅降至20%(急剧下降)。
- 社科:从20%升至27%(稳定增长)。
- 趋势词汇:
- 增长:increase, rise, surge, grow by...
- 下降:decrease, decline, drop, fall by...
- 稳定:remain stable, fluctuate slightly
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总结段(Conclusion)
- 概括主要趋势:工程和社科增长,人文下降,科学基本稳定。
- 示例:“Overall, while Engineering and Social Sciences witnessed notable growth, Humanities experienced a significant decline, and Science maintained a relatively stable proportion.”
范文示例(精简版)
The chart presents the percentage distribution of university graduates across four disciplines—Engineering, Science, Humanities, and Social Sciences—from 1990 to 2000.
In 1990, Humanities accounted for the largest share at 35%, followed by Science (30%), Social Sciences (20%), and Engineering (15%). Over the decade, Engineering saw the most dramatic increase, rising from 15% to 25%. Conversely, Humanities experienced a sharp decline, dropping to 20%. Social Sciences also grew steadily, reaching 27%, while Science remained relatively stable, with a minor decrease from 30% to 28%.
Overall, the period was marked by a shift toward technical and social sciences, as evidenced by the rise in Engineering and Social Sciences, alongside a reduced focus on Humanities.
高分技巧
- 数据对比:使用“while”“whereas”等连词对比学科差异。
- 避免重复:替换“increase”为“surge”“soar”等词汇。
- 精确描述:明确数据的起点、终点和变化幅度(如“double from X to Y”)。
常见错误与避坑指南
| 错误类型 | 示例 | 修正建议 |
|---|---|---|
| 混淆静态与动态描述 | “The highest proportion is Humanities.” | 改为“Humanities had the highest proportion in 1990.” |
| 缺乏数据支撑 | “Science decreased.” | 补充具体数据:“Science decreased by 2%.” |
| 过度细节化 | 描述每个年份的数据 | 聚焦关键节点(起始、结束、极值) |
相关问答FAQs
Q1: 动态图表题是否需要提及所有数据点?
A1: 不需要,只需选择关键数据(如起点、终点、极值、显著变化点),避免堆砌无关信息。
Q2: 如何处理图表中的多个类别?
A2: 按类别分组描述,用“Similarly”“In contrast”等连接词过渡,确保逻辑清晰,先描述增长类学科(工程、社科),再描述下降类(人文)。
