- 背景引入: 用一两句话概括话题,让读者了解你要讨论的是什么。
- 问题重述: 用你自己的话重新阐述题目,展示你对题目的理解。
- 文章主旨: 明确指出你将在下文讨论这个问题的两个方面（优点和缺点）。
下面我将为你提供四种不同风格和句式结构的开头模板，并附上解析和实例,你可以根据题目和个人习惯灵活选用。
经典三段式（最稳妥、最常用）
这种结构最清晰，不容易出错，是雅思写作考试中的“万金油”。
句式结构：
- 背景引入：
[主题]has become a prevalent/ubiquitous/controversial issue in today's society. - 问题重述： This essay will examine the merits and drawbacks of
[主题]. - 文章主旨： While there are clear advantages, such as
[优点1]and[优点2], there are also significant disadvantages, most notably[缺点1].
【示例】** Many people believe that university education should be free for everyone. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (这是一个“同意与否”题，但也可以作为利弊题来写“免费高等教育的利与弊”)
开头：
The provision of free university education has become a highly debated topic in many countries. This essay will examine the merits and drawbacks of making higher education accessible to all without financial burden. While there are clear advantages, such as promoting social mobility and fostering a more educated workforce, there are also significant disadvantages, most notably the potential strain on public finances and the possible devaluation of academic degrees.
【解析】
- 第一句： 直接点明“免费大学教育”是一个备受争议的话题。
- 第二句： 清晰说明本文将探讨其利弊。
- 第三句： 明确提出了两个优点（促进社会流动性、培养知识型劳动力）和一个主要缺点（公共财政压力、学位贬值）,这样考官一眼就能看出你的文章结构。
对比转折式（突出思辨性）
这种开头通过对比来引出话题,显得更有深度和思辨色彩。
句式结构：
- 背景引入： The advent of
[主题]has brought about a fundamental shift in[相关领域]. - 对比转折： On the one hand, it offers numerous benefits, including
[优点1]and[优点2]. On the other hand, it also gives rise to several drawbacks, such as[缺点1]. - 文章主旨： This essay will delve into both the positive and negative aspects of this phenomenon.
【示例】** Some people think that the increasing use of technology in the workplace, such as artificial intelligence and robots, is more of a threat than a benefit. To what extent do you agree or disagree? (同样可以转化为利弊题)
开头：
The rapid integration of technology, particularly artificial intelligence and robotics, into the workplace has sparked intense discussion. On the one hand, it promises enhanced efficiency and the automation of mundane tasks. On the other hand, it raises concerns about widespread job displacement. This essay will delve into both the positive and negative aspects of this technological shift in the professional world.
【解析】
- 第一句： 用“快速整合”和“引发激烈讨论”来营造背景。
- 第二句： 使用 "On the one hand... On the other hand..." 清晰地列出利弊。
- 第三句： 点明文章将深入探讨两个方面,结构清晰。
个人观点式（适用于利弊+观点题）
明确要求讨论利弊并给出你的观点（如 "Discuss the advantages and disadvantages and give your opinion"）,这个模板非常适用。
句式结构：
- 背景引入：
[主题]is a double-edged sword, presenting both opportunities and challenges. - 利弊概述： The primary advantages lie in
[优点领域], while the main disadvantages are centered around[缺点领域]. - 个人观点： In my opinion, although
[承认优点], the drawbacks, particularly[强调的主要缺点], are more significant.
【示例】** Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of social media and give your own opinion.
开头：
The rise of social media has been a defining feature of the 21st century, acting as a double-edged sword for modern society. The primary advantages lie in its ability to connect people across vast distances and facilitate the rapid dissemination of information. However, the main disadvantages are centered around issues of mental health and the spread of misinformation. In my opinion, although its connectivity benefits are undeniable, the drawbacks, particularly the negative impact on mental well-being, are more significant.
【解析】
- 第一句： 用“双刃剑”这个生动的比喻来引出话题。
- 第二句： 概括性地指出优点（连接、信息传播）和缺点（心理健康、虚假信息）。
- 第三句： 清晰地亮明个人观点，承认优点但认为缺点更严重,立场明确。
简洁直接式（适合追求高效）
这种模板开门见山，不绕弯子,适合在时间紧张或追求干练风格时使用。
句式结构：
- 背景引入：
[主题]has become an integral part of our daily lives. - 利弊直接陈述： This phenomenon presents a number of benefits, such as
[优点1]and[优点2], but it is not without its drawbacks, including[缺点1]and[缺点2]. - 文章主旨： This essay will analyze these pros and cons.
【示例】** International tourism has brought enormous benefit to many places. At the same time, it can also create serious problems. What are the advantages and disadvantages of international tourism?
开头：
International tourism has become a significant driver of the global economy. This phenomenon presents a number of benefits, such as boosting local economies and promoting cultural exchange, but it is not without its drawbacks, including environmental degradation and the erosion of local cultures. This essay will analyze these pros and cons in detail.
【解析】
- 第一句： 直接点明国际旅游的重要性。
- 第二句： 用 "but it is not without its drawbacks" 这个经典转折句式，将优点和缺点紧密地连接在一起,句子流畅。
- 第三句： 简洁明了地说明文章目的。
总结与建议
| 模板类型 | 适用场景 | 优点 |
|---|---|---|
| 经典三段式 | 所有利弊分析题 | 结构清晰，稳妥，不易出错 |
| 对比转折式 | 争议性较强的话题 | 思辨性强，逻辑关系明确 |
| 个人观点式 | 题目要求讨论并给出观点 | 观点明确，立场清晰 |
| 简洁直接式 | 追求高效或风格干练 | 开门见山，语言精炼 |
给你的建议：
- 背诵模板，但不要生搬硬套： 理解每个句子的功能和逻辑,然后根据具体题目填充内容。
- 替换高级词汇： 将
good/bad,advantages/disadvantages等基础词汇替换成merits/drawbacks,benefits/detriments,positive aspects/negative consequences等,提升词汇多样性。 - 练习，练习，再练习： 找到不同类型的利弊题目，用不同的模板进行练习,直到形成自己的写作风格。
选择一个你觉得最舒服、最容易掌握的模板，然后多加练习,你的雅思写作开头一定会又快又好！
