第一部分：雅思图表作文核心结构与技巧

雅思图表作文（Task 1）要求你在20分钟内，根据图表中的信息，写一篇150词以上的学术报告，关键在于客观描述、数据支撑、结构清晰。

标准四段式结构

• 第一段：引言 - Introduction (约2-3句话)

  • 目的：介绍图表基本信息,让读者了解你要描述什么。
  • 1. 重述题目（改写图表标题）。
    2. 指出图表类型（柱状图、线图、饼图、表格、流程图、地图等）。
    3. 点明图表所描述的时间、地点和核心内容。
  • 句式模板：
    • The provided [chart/graph/table/diagram] illustrates/compares/shows data about...
    • This [bar chart/line graph] provides information on... over the period from... to...
    • The table below presents statistics related to...

• 第二段：概述 - Overview (约3-4句话)

  • 目的：这是全文最关键的部分，也是高分和低分的主要区别，概括图表最显著、最主要的特征或趋势，不涉及具体数据。
  • 1. 描述整体趋势（总体上升/下降/波动）。
    2. 比较不同项目之间的主要差异（A远高于B，C是最低的）。
    3. 指出最高点和最低点。
  • 技巧：先写Overview，再写细节，这能确保你抓住了图表的“主干”。
  • 句式模板：
    • Overall, it is clear that [总体趋势/最主要特征].
    • In general, [项目A] experienced the most significant change, while [项目B] remained relatively stable.
    • As can be seen, [项目X] was the highest/lowest in all periods.
    • Overall, there was a general trend of [上升/下降] for [某个项目].

• 第三段 & 第四段：细节分析 - Details & Analysis (约5-8句话)

  • 目的：用具体数据支撑你在Overview中提出的观点，将图表信息分组描述,逻辑清晰。
  • 1. 分段：不要按时间顺序一条一条写，将相关性高的数据放在一起描述，将所有上升的数据放一段，所有下降的放一段；或者将A和B的比较放一段,C和D的比较放一段。
    2. 数据：必须引用关键数据（数字、百分比、时间点），不需要引用所有数据，但要引用能支撑你观点的最典型、最有代表性的数据。
    3. 对比：多使用while, whereas, in contrast, compared with等词进行对比。
    • 描述趋势的词汇：increase, rise, grow, surge, soar, climb, decrease, decline, drop, fall, fluctuate, remain stable/constant, level off, peak at, reach a peak, hit a low point。
  • 句式模板：
    • Looking at the details, the number of [A] increased dramatically from [数据1] in [年份1] to [数据2] in [年份2].
    • In contrast, [B] witnessed a slight decline, dropping from [数据1] to [数据2].
    • The figure for [C] experienced the most dramatic fluctuation, starting at [数据1], peaking at [数据2] in [年份], and then falling back to [数据3].
    • [项目A] was significantly higher than [项目B], with figures of [数据A] and [数据B] respectively.

第二部分：高分词汇与表达

动词 (描述变化)

副词 (程度)

• 轻微地: slightly, marginally, gradually
• 明显地: significantly, considerably, markedly, substantially
• 急剧地: dramatically, sharply, rapidly, steeply, abruptly

比较与对比

• while, whereas, in contrast, on the other hand, however
• similarly, likewise, in the same way
• account for (占...比例)
• constitute (构成)

数据表达

• The number of... (数量)
• The figure for... (数据)
• The proportion/percentage of... (比例/百分比)
• The amount of... (通常用于不可数名词)
• A was three times as much as B. (A是B的三倍)
• A accounted for 50% of the total. (A占总数的50%)

第三部分：高分范文示例 (柱状图)

** The chart below shows the percentage of the population aged 65 and over in three countries from 1940 to 2040.

范文：

The provided bar chart illustrates the changes in the proportion of elderly people (aged 65 and over) in Japan, Sweden, and the USA over a 100-year period, from 1940 to 2040.

Overall, it is clear that all three countries are projected to experience a significant increase in their elderly populations. While Japan started with the lowest figure, it is expected to see the most dramatic rise by 2040, surpassing the other two nations.

In 1940, the percentages of elderly people in the USA, Sweden, and Japan were 9%, 7%, and 5% respectively. Over the next 20 years, these figures remained relatively stable. However, from 1960 onwards, a gradual upward trend began. By 1980, the USA's proportion had grown to 15%, while Sweden's and Japan's had risen to 11% and 9% respectively.

Looking ahead to the future, the increases are predicted to be much more pronounced. The USA and Sweden are both expected to see their figures rise to around 23-24% by 2040. In contrast, Japan is forecast to undergo the most substantial change, with its percentage of elderly people soaring to approximately 27%, making it the country with the highest proportion of seniors by the end of the period.

第四部分：其他图表类型范文示例

线形图

** The line graph below shows the number of overseas visitors to a certain country in millions from 1990 to 2002.

范文：

The line graph delineates the fluctuation in the number of overseas tourists to a specific country over a 12-year span, commencing in 1990.

Overall, the number of visitors experienced a general upward trend, albeit with some fluctuations. There was a particularly sharp increase between 1995 and 1998, followed by a period of stability before another rise.

In 1990, the country attracted approximately 10 million visitors. This figure remained relatively constant for the next three years before beginning to climb. By 1995, the number had reached 15 million. The most dramatic growth occurred between 1995 and 1998, when the number surged to 25 million. Subsequently, the growth rate slowed down, and the figure levelled off at around 25 million from 1998 to 2000. After a brief dip in 2001, the number of visitors rose again to reach a peak of 30 million in 2002.

饼图

** The pie charts below show the main reasons why agricultural land becomes less productive. The table shows how these causes affected three regions of the world during the 1990s.

范文：

The two pie charts and the table provide a breakdown of the primary reasons for global land degradation and its impact on three major regions during the 1990s.

Overall, over a