题目分析

原文：**

Some people think that parents should teach children how to be good members of society. Others, however, believe that school is the place to learn this.

Discuss both these views and give your own opinion. 类型：** 这是一个“双边讨论 + 给出个人观点”（Discuss both views and give your own opinion）的题目，它要求你：

1. 讨论第一种观点：父母应该教育孩子成为社会好公民。
2. 讨论第二种观点：学校应该承担这个责任。
3. 在讨论完双方观点后,清晰地给出你自己的看法。

核心议题： “如何成为社会好成员”（how to be good members of society）的“教育责任”（responsibility）应该由谁承担——家庭还是学校？

审题与思路构建

在动笔之前,我们需要明确几个关键点：

1. “好成员”的定义是什么？

   这不仅仅是遵守法律,还包括道德规范（诚实、尊重他人）、社会责任感（环保、帮助他人）、文化素养和良好的社交能力等。

2. “责任”的分配是“非此即彼”还是“相辅相成”？

   • 题目用了“Some... Others...”的结构，暗示了两种对立的观点，但在实际写作中，最成熟、最容易得分的思路是承认双方都有责任，但论证一方可能更重要或更基础，这比简单地说“两者都很重要”要更有深度。

3. 我的个人观点是什么？

   • 一个比较平衡且容易展开的观点是：家庭是基础，学校是延伸和补充。 父母的早期教育对孩子品格的塑造至关重要，而学校则能提供更系统、更广泛的社会知识和实践平台，两者缺一不可，但家庭的作用更为根本。

文章结构建议

标准的四段式结构非常适合这道题。

• 第一段：引言

  • 改写题目,引出话题。
  • 明确指出这是一个有争议的话题,涉及家庭和学校在教育孩子成为合格社会成员方面的角色。
  • 最后亮出你的中心论点：虽然学校教育不可或缺，但父母在塑造孩子的基本品格和价值观方面扮演着更关键的角色。

• 第二段：讨论第一个观点（父母的责任）

  • 主题句： 家庭是孩子价值观和道德准则形成的第一课堂，其影响最为深远。
  • 论证1（榜样作用）： 父母是孩子的第一任老师，他们的言行举止是孩子模仿的直接对象，孩子在耳濡目染中学会诚实、善良、尊重和责任感。
  • 论证2（个性化教育）： 家庭教育可以根据孩子的个性和需求进行，提供情感支持和安全感的培养，这是学校难以完全给予的，一个充满爱的家庭环境是孩子心理健康和积极社会态度的基石。
  • 小结： 父母在培养孩子成为社会好成员方面负有不可推卸的初始责任。

• 第三段：讨论第二个观点（学校的责任）

  • 主题句： 尽管家庭是基础，但学校在系统化教育孩子成为社会好成员方面也扮演着至关重要的角色。
  • 论证1（知识传授）： 学校通过课程（如公民教育、历史、文学）系统地传授社会规范、法律法规和文化知识，这是家庭教育可能覆盖不到的领域。
  • 论证2（社会实践）： 学校提供了一个“小社会”的缩影，孩子们在集体生活中学习如何与不同背景的同学合作、解决冲突、参与集体活动（如学生会、社团），这些都是成为社会好成员的实践技能。
  • 小结： 学校通过正式和非正式的教育，补充和深化了家庭教育的成果。

• 第四段：结论

  • 重申观点（换一种说法）： 将培养孩子成为社会好成员的责任完全归于家庭或学校都是片面的，家庭和学校都扮演着不可或缺的角色。
  • 强调核心观点： 我认为，父母奠定的道德和情感基础，是孩子未来融入社会、成为一个真正好成员的根本前提，没有这个基础，学校的教育可能会事倍功半。
  • （可选）展望或总结： 最理想的状态是家庭和学校紧密合作，共同促进孩子的全面发展。

高分词汇与短语

• 讨论观点:

  • play a crucial/vital/indispensable role in... (在...方面扮演至关重要的角色)
  • bear the primary responsibility for... (对...负有主要责任)
  • lay the foundation for... (为...奠定基础)
  • be instrumental in... (在...方面起重要作用)
  • foster the development of... (促进...的发展)
  • nurture a sense of... (培养...感)
  • social norms and values (社会规范和价值观)
  • moral compass (道德准则)
  • sense of social responsibility (社会责任感)

• 连接词:

  • On the one hand... on the other hand... (....)
  • While it is true that... (虽然...)
  • Nevertheless / However (
  • In addition / Furthermore (
  • Consequently / As a result (
  • In conclusion / To sum up (

范文示例

下面是一篇根据上述思路和结构撰写的范文,供你参考。 The Role of Family and School in Social Education**

The question of who should be primarily responsible for teaching children how to become good members of society is a subject of ongoing debate. While some argue that this duty lies with parents, others contend that schools are the more appropriate institution for this task. This essay will discuss both perspectives before asserting that although both are essential, the foundational role of family is more critical.

Proponents of parental guidance rightly emphasize that family is the first and most influential environment for a child's development. From a young age, children absorb the values, norms, and behaviours of their parents through observation and imitation. Parents act as the initial role models, demonstrating qualities such as honesty, empathy, and respect, which form the bedrock of a child's moral compass. For instance, a child who witnesses their parents volunteering in the community is more likely to develop a sense of social responsibility themselves. Furthermore, the nurturing and supportive atmosphere at home provides the emotional security necessary for a child to develop a positive outlook on life and relationships, which is fundamental to their integration into society.

On the other hand, advocates for school-based education highlight the unique advantages that formal schooling offers. Schools provide a structured curriculum that can systematically teach civic duties, legal awareness, and cultural understanding—subjects that may not be covered in depth at home. Moreover, the school environment itself functions as a miniature society where children learn crucial interpersonal skills. Through group projects, sports teams, and extracurricular activities, students learn the importance of cooperation, conflict resolution, and leadership. These practical experiences are invaluable in preparing them for the complexities of adult life and are difficult to replicate in a family setting.

In conclusion, while both the family and the school are indispensable in shaping a child into a valuable member of society, their roles are complementary rather than mutually exclusive. It is my firm belief that the family's role is more fundamental. The values and emotional security instilled by parents provide the essential foundation upon which all subsequent social learning is built. Without this strong start, even the best school education may fail to cultivate a well-rounded and morally upright individual. Therefore, a collaborative effort between parents and educators offers the most effective path to achieving this vital goal.