核心原则

在开口讲课前,请牢记这四个核心原则：

1. 简单化：使用最简单的词汇和最短的句子,避免复杂从句和生僻词。

   • 错误示范："Today, we are going to learn about the different kinds of animals that live on a farm."
   • 正确示范："Today, we learn about farm animals."

2. 指令清晰：给孩子的指令要明确、直接、可执行,配合动作和手势。

   • 错误示范："Could you please try to listen carefully and then maybe repeat after me?"
   • 正确示范："Listen." (手指耳朵) "Repeat." (手放在嘴边)

3. 多感官刺激：调动孩子的眼睛、耳朵、嘴巴和身体，多使用图片、实物、动作、声音和游戏。

4. 积极鼓励：永远保持微笑和热情，多表扬，少批评,让孩子在快乐中学习。

课堂流程常用语

一堂完整的英语课通常分为几个环节,每个环节都有固定的口语套路。

课堂开始

• 问候与点名

  • "Hello, everyone! / Good morning, class!" (大家好！/ 早上好，同学们！)
  • "How are you today?" (你们今天好吗？)
  • "I'm fine, thank you. And you?" (我很好，谢谢，你呢？) - 教师可以自问自答,引导学生回答。
  • "Let's count the students!" (我们来数数学生！)
  • "One, two, three... [Student's name]!" (一，二，三... [学生名字]！)
  • "Here!" / "Present!" (到！/ 在！)

• 热身活动

  • "Let's sing a song! 'Head, Shoulders, Knees and Toes'!" (我们唱首歌吧！‘头、肩膀、膝盖、脚趾’！)
  • "Let's do a warm-up game. Stand up!" (我们来做个热身游戏，起立！)
  • "Clap your hands! / Stamp your feet!" (拍拍手！/ 跺跺脚！)
  • "Are you ready?" (准备好了吗？)

新课讲授

• 引入主题

  • "Look! What's this?" (看！这是什么？) - 拿出一张苹果的图片。
  • "It's an apple." (这是一个苹果。)
  • "Say it after me: 'Apple'." (跟我读：'Apple'。)
  • "Great job!" / "Good!" (真棒！/ 很好！)

• 教授新知

  • 展示:
    • "Look at the picture." (看这张图片。)
    • "This is a cat." (这是一只猫。)
    • "What color is it?" (它是什么颜色的？)
  • 朗读:
    • "Listen and repeat." (听并跟读。)
    • "One more time." (再来一次。)
    • "Louder, please." (请大声一点。)
  • 解释:
    • "A cat says 'meow'." (猫会‘喵喵’叫。)
    • "Let's act like a cat." (我们来学猫叫/做猫的动作。)

练习与互动

• 集体练习

  • "Let's practice together." (我们一起练习。)
  • "Everybody, say 'dog'!" (所有人，说‘狗’！)
  • "Good! Now, say 'big dog'!" (很好！说‘大狗’！)

• 小组练习

  • "Now, work in pairs." (两人一组练习。)
  • "Student A, ask. Student B, answer." (学生A提问，学生B回答。)
  • "Five minutes, go!" (五分钟，开始！)

• 游戏环节

  • "Let's play a game! 'What's Missing?'" (我们玩个游戏！‘什么东西不见了？’)
  • "Close your eyes." (闭上眼睛。)
  • "Open your eyes. What's missing?" (睁开眼睛，什么东西不见了？)
  • "Who wants to try?" / "Who can tell me?" (谁想来试试？/ 谁能告诉我？)
  • "You are so smart!" (你真聪明！)

巩固与总结

• 复习

  • "What did we learn today?" (我们今天学了什么？)
  • "Let's review the words." (我们来复习单词。)
  • "Show me the card for 'bird'." (给我看‘鸟’的卡片。)

• 布置作业

  • "Homework for today." (今天的作业。)
  • "Color the pictures." (给图片涂色。)
  • "Read the words to your parents." (把单词读给爸爸妈妈听。)

课堂结束

• 结束语
  • "Time's up!" (时间到！)
  • "It's time to say goodbye." (是时候说再见了。)
  • "Great job today, everyone! You are super stars!" (今天大家表现都很棒！你们是超级明星！)
  • "See you next time!" / "Goodbye!" (下次见！/ 再见！)

互动与管理技巧

• 吸引注意力:

  • "Eyes on me, please." (请看着我。)
  • "Listen to the teacher." (听老师讲。)
  • "Magic word: 1, 2, 3, eyes on me!" (魔法口令：1, 2, 3, 看着我！)

• 表扬与鼓励:

  • "Excellent!" / "Wonderful!" / "Amazing!" (太棒了！/ 太精彩了！/ 太令人惊喜了！)
  • "Good try!" / "Almost there!" (尝试得很好！/ 差不多了！)
  • "Give him/her a big hand!" (给他/她一点掌声！)
  • "High five!" (击掌！)

• 纠正错误:

  • 不要直接说 "No" 或 "You're wrong",这会打击孩子的积极性。
  • 委婉纠正:
    • "Almost right. It's 'a book', not 'an book'." (差不多对了，是 'a book'，不是 'an book'。)
    • "Listen again. 'Cat'." (再听一遍。'Cat'。)
    • "Can you try again?" (你能再试一次吗？)

完整范例：一堂关于水果的课

主题: Fruits (水果) 目标: 学生能听懂、会说 apple, banana, orange, 并能运用 "I like..." 句型。

Greeting (问候)

• T: "Hello, boys and girls!"
• Ss: "Hello, teacher!"
• T: "How are you?"
• Ss: "I'm fine, thank you! And you?"
• T: "I'm great! Let's sing a song!" (唱 "Hello Song")

Presentation (新课讲授)

• T: (拿出一个苹果的玩具或图片) "Look! What's this?"

• Ss: (可能不知道)

• T: "It's an apple." (清晰发音，并指向苹果) "A-p-p-l-e, apple."

• T: "Listen and repeat. Apple!"

• Ss: "Apple!"

• T: "Good! What color is it?" (指着苹果的颜色)

• Ss: "Red!" / "Green!"

• T: "Yes, it's a red/green apple." (重复几遍,并用动作表示吃苹果)

• T: (拿出香蕉) "Look! What's this?"

• Ss: "Banana!"

• T: "Excellent! A banana. Say it!"

• Ss: "Banana!"

• T: "What color? Yellow! It's a yellow banana."

• (用同样的方法教授 orange)

Practice (练习)

• Game 1: What's Missing?
  • T: "Close your eyes. 1, 2, 3!"
  • Ss: (闭上眼睛)
  • T: (藏起一个水果)
  • T: "Open your eyes! What's missing